باب وجوب طاعة ولاة الأمور في غير معصية وتحريم طاعتهم في المعصية
663 وعن ابن عمر رضي اللَّهُ عنهما عَن النَّبيّ صَلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم قَالَ: "عَلى المَرْءِ المُسْلِم السَّمْعُ والطَّاعَةُ فِيما أَحَبَّ وكِرَهَ، إِلاَّ أنْ يُؤْمَرَ بِمَعْصِيَةٍ فَإذا أُمِر بِمعْصِيَةٍ فَلاَ سَمْعَ وَلا طاعَةَ" متفقٌ عَلَيْهِ.
Hadith 663 - Bab 80 (Obligation of Obedience to the Ruler in what is Lawful and Prohibition of Obeying them in what is Unlawful)
Chapter 1 (The Book of Miscellany)
Ibn 'Umar (May Allah be pleased with them) reported: The Prophet (Peace be upon him) said, "It is obligatory upon a Muslim to listen (to the ruler) and obey whether he likes it or not, except when he is ordered to do a sinful thing; in such case, there is no obligation to listen or to obey."
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].
Selon Ibn "Omar (das), le Prophète (bsdl) a dit: «Le Musulman est tenu d"écouter et d"obéir dans ce qu"il aime et dans ce qu"il déteste sauf quand on lui ordonne de désobéir à Dieu. Quand on lui ordonne de désobéir à Dieu, il ne doit ni écouter, ni obéir».
664 وعنه قَالَ: كُنَّا إِذَا بايَعْنَا رسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم عَلى السَّمْعِ والطَّاعةِ يقُولُ لَنَا:"فِيمَا اسْتَطَعْتُمْ" متفقٌ عَلَيْهِ.
Hadith 664 - Bab 80 (Obligation of Obedience to the Ruler in what is Lawful and Prohibition of Obeying them in what is Unlawful)
Chapter 1 (The Book of Miscellany)
Ibn 'Umar (May Allah be pleased with them) reported: Whenever we took a pledge of allegiance to Messenger of Allah (Peace be upon him) to hear and obey, he (Peace be upon him) would say to us, "As far as you are capable of."
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].
Il a encore dit: «Quand nous faisions acte d"allégeance au Messager de Dieu (bsdl) nous engageant à écouter et à obéir, il ajoutait toujours: «Dans la mesure de vos moyens».
665 وعنهُ قالَ: سَمِعْتُ رسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم يقول: " مَنْ خلَعَ يَداً منْ طَاعَةٍ لَقِى اللَّه يوْم القيامَةِ ولاَ حُجَّةَ لَهُ، وَمَنْ ماتَ وَلَيْس في عُنُقِهِ بيْعَةٌ مَاتَ مِيتةً جَاهِلًيَّةً" رواه مسلم.
وفي روايةٍ لَهُ: "ومَنْ ماتَ وَهُوَ مُفَارِقٌ للْجَماعةِ، فَإنَّهُ يمُوت مِيتَةً جَاهِليَّةً"."المِيتَةُ"بكسر الميم.
Hadith 665 - Bab 80 (Obligation of Obedience to the Ruler in what is Lawful and Prohibition of Obeying them in what is Unlawful)
Chapter 1 (The Book of Miscellany)
Ibn 'Umar (May Allah be pleased with them) reported: Messenger of Allah (Peace be upon him) said, "One who withdraws his hand from obedience (to the Amir) will find no argument (in his defense) when he stands before Allah on the Day of Resurrection; and one who dies without having sworn allegiance will die the death of one belonging to the Days of Ignorance."
[Muslim].
Another narration is: The Messenger of Allah (Peace be upon him) said, "He who dies having defected from obedience (to the Amir) and discards his association with the main body of the (Muslim) community, dies the death of one belonging to the Days of Jahiliyyah."
Il a dit encore: «J"ai entendu le Messager de Dieu (bsdl) dire: «Celui qui rompt son acte d"allégeance trouvera Dieu le jour de la résurrection alors qu"il n"a aucun argument en sa faveur. Celui qui meurt sans s"être jamais lié par un acte d"allégeance (au chef légitime de la nation) meurt d"une mort païenne».
666 وعَن أنَسٍ رضي اللَّهُ عنه قال: قال رسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم: "اسْمَعُوا وأطِيعُوا، وإنِ اسْتُعْمِل علَيْكُمْ عبْدٌ حبشىٌّ، كَأَنَّ رَأْسهُ زَبِيبَةٌ" رواه البخاري.
Hadith 666 - Bab 80 (Obligation of Obedience to the Ruler in what is Lawful and Prohibition of Obeying them in what is Unlawful)
Chapter 1 (The Book of Miscellany)
Anas (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (Peace be upon him) said, "Hear and obey even if an Abyssinian slave whose head is like a raisin is placed in authority over you."
[Al- Bukhari].
Selon Anas (das), le Messager de Dieu (bsdl) a dit: «Ecoutez et obéissez même si on nomme à votre commandement un esclave abyssin dont la tête ressemble à un raisin sec». (Rapporté par Al Boukhâri)
667 وعن أَبي هريرة رضي اللَّه عنه قَالَ: قالَ رسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم: "عليْكَ السَّمْعُ وَالطَّاعةُ في عُسْرِكَ ويُسْرِكَ وَمنْشَطِكَ ومَكْرهِكَ وأَثَرَةٍ عَلَيْك" رواهُ مسلم.
Hadith 667 - Bab 80 (Obligation of Obedience to the Ruler in what is Lawful and Prohibition of Obeying them in what is Unlawful)
Chapter 1 (The Book of Miscellany)
Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (Peace be upon him) said, "It is obligatory upon you to listen and obey the orders of the ruler in prosperity and adversity, whether you are willing or unwilling, or when someone is given undue preference to you."
[Muslim].
Selon Abou Hourayra (das), le Messager de Dieu (bsdl) a dit: «Tu dois écouter et obéir dans ta gêne comme dans ton aisance, dans ce que tu aimes et dans ce que tu détestes, quand même tu es lésé dans le partage».
668 وعن عبدِ اللَّهِ بن عَمرو رضي اللَّه عنهما قَالَ: كُنَّا مَع رسول اللَّهِ صَلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم في سَفَرٍ، فَنَزَلْنا منْزِلاً، فَمِنَّا منْ يُصلحُ خِباءَهُ، ومِنَّا منْ ينْتَضِلُ، وَمِنَّا مَنْ هُوَ في جَشَرِهِ، إذْ نادَى مُنَادي رسولِ اللَّهِ صَلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم: الصَّلاة جامِعةٌ. فاجْتَمعْنَا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم فَقَالَ: "إنَّهُ لَمْ يَكُنْ نَبيٌّ قَبْلي إلاَّ كَانَ حَقا علَيْهِ أنْ يَدُلَّ أُمَّتَهُ عَلى خَيرِ مَا يعْلَمُهُ لهُمْ، ويُنذِرَهُم شَرَّ مَا يعلَمُهُ لهُم، وإنَّ أُمَّتَكُمْ هذِهِ جُعِلَ عَافيتُها في أَوَّلِها، وسَيُصِيبُ آخِرَهَا بلاءٌ وأُمُورٌ تُنكِرُونَهَا، وتجيءُ فِتَنٌ يُرقِّقُ بَعضُها بَعْضاً، وَتَجِيءُ الفِتْنَةُ فَيقُولُ المؤمِنُ: هذِهِ مُهْلِكَتي، ثُمَّ تَنْكَشِفُ، وتجيءُ الفِتنَةُ فَيَقُولُ المُؤْمِنُ: هذِهِ هذِهِ، فَمَنْ أَحَبَّ أنْ يُزَحْزَحَ عَنِ النَّارِ، ويُدْخَلَ الجنَّةَ، فَلْتَأْتِهِ منيَّتُهُ وَهُوَ يُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَاليَوْمِ الآخِرِ، ولَيَأْتِ إِلَى الناسِ الَّذِي يُحِبُّ أَنْ يُؤتَى إلَيْهِ.
ومَنْ بَايع إمَاماً فَأَعْطَاهُ صَفْقَةَ يدِهِ، وثمَرةَ قَلْبهِ. فَليُطعْهُ إنِ اسْتَطَاعَ، فَإنْ جَاءَ آخَرُ ينازعُهُ، فاضْربُوا عُنُقَ الآخَرِ "رواهُ مسلم.
قَوْله:"ينْتَضِلُ"أيْ: يُسابِقُ بالرَّمْي بالنَّبْل والنُّشَّاب."والجَشَرُ"بفتح الجيم والشين المعجمة وبالراءِ: وهي الدَّوابُّ الَّتي تَرْعَى وتَبيتُ مَكانَها. وَقَوْلُه:"يُرقَّقُ بعْضُهَا بَعضاً"أيْ: يُصيِّرُ بعضَها بَعْضَاً رقِيقاً، أيْ: خَفِيفاً لِعِظَمِ مابعْدَهُ، فالثَّاني يُرقَّقُ الأَوَّلَ. وقيلَ: معناهُ: يُشَوِّقُ بَعْضُهَا إِلَى بعْضٍ بتحْسينها وتسْويلها وقيلَ: يُشْبهُ بعضُها بَعْضاً.
Hadith 668 - Bab 80 (Obligation of Obedience to the Ruler in what is Lawful and Prohibition of Obeying them in what is Unlawful)
Chapter 1 (The Book of Miscellany)
'Abdullah bin 'Amr (May Allah be pleased with them) reported: We accompanied Messenger of Allah (Peace be upon him) on a journey. We halted at a place to take a rest. Some of us began to set right their tents, others began to graze their animals while others were engaged in competing with one another in archery when an announcer of Messenger of Allah (Peace be upon him) announced that people should gather for Salat. We gathered around the Messenger of Allah and he ((Peace be upon him)) addressed us, saying, "Every Prophet before me was under obligation to guide his followers to what he knew was good for them and to warn the evil thing which he knew. As for this Ummah, it will have sound state and in its early stage of existence; but the last phase of its existence, will be faced with trials and with things you do not recognize. There will be tremendous trials, one after the other, and to each the believer will say, 'That is it'. Whenever a trial arrives the believer will say: 'This is going to bring about my destruction.' When this passes, another calamity will approach and he will say: 'This surely is going to be my end.' Whosoever wishes to be removed from the Fire (Hell) and admitted to Jannah should die with faith in Allah and the Last Day; and he should treat others as he wishes to be treated. He who swears allegiance to an Imam, he should give him the pledge in ratification and the sincerity of his heart. He should obey him to the best of his capacity. If another man comes forward as a claimant (when one has already been installed), behead the second."
[Muslim].
"Abdullàh Ibn "Omar (das) rapporte: «Nous étions en voyage avec le Messager de Dieu (bsdl). Nous bivouaquâmes dans un endroit. Certains parmi nous dressaient leur tente, d"autres s"exerçaient au tir à l"arc et d"autres s"occupaient des bêtes quand le muezzin du Messager de Dieu (bsdl) lança un appel : «Venez à la prière en commun!» Nous nous rassemblâmes autour du Messager de Dieu (bsdl) qui dit: «II n"y a pas eu de prophète avant moi qui n"ait été tenu d"indiquer à sa communauté ce qu"il savait être le meilleur pour eux et de les prévenir de ce qu"il savait être le plus mauvais pour eux. Votre communauté-ci a vu son salut s"installer dans son début, cependant que ses dernières générations seront frappées d"une épreuve et d"autres choses que vous réprouvez. Les périodes de troubles se succéderont de façon telle que la précédente sera plus supportable que la suivante. Des troubles s"installeront et le Croyant dira: «C"est cette tentation qui va causer ma perte». Puis ces troubles se dissipent. Puis viendront de nouveaux troubles et le Croyant dira à chaque nouvelle tentation: «C"est celle-ci, c"est celle-là». Que celui qui veut être écarté du Peu et qui veut entrer au Paradis meure alors qu"il croit en Dieu et au jour ultime. Qu"il fasse aux autres ce qu"il aime qu"on lui fasse à lui-même. Celui qui fait acte d"allégeance à un chef en mettant sa main
669 وعن أَبي هُنَيْدةَ وائِلِ بن حُجْرٍ رضي اللَّه عنه قالَ: سأَلَ سَلَمةُ بنُ يزيدَ الجُعْفيُّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم، فقالَ: يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ، أرَأَيْتَ إنْ قَامَتْ علَيْنَا أُمراءُ يَسأَلُونَا حقَّهُمْ، ويمْنَعُونَا حقَّنا، فَمَا تَأْمُرُنَا؟ فَأَعْرضَ عنه، ثُمَّ سألَهُ، فَقَال رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم "اسْمَعُوا وأطِيعُوا، فَإنَّما علَيْهِمْ ماحُمِّلُوا وعلَيْكُم مَا حُمِّلْتُمْ " رواهُ مسلم.
Hadith 669 - Bab 80 (Obligation of Obedience to the Ruler in what is Lawful and Prohibition of Obeying them in what is Unlawful)
Chapter 1 (The Book of Miscellany)
Wa'il bin Hujr (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: Salamah bin Yazid Al-Ju'f (May Allah be pleased with him) asked Messenger of Allah (Peace be upon him): "O Prophet of Allah! Tell us, what you command us to do if there arises over us rulers who demand of us what is due to them and refuse us what is due to us." Messenger of Allah (Peace be upon him) turned away from him, but he repeated the same question. Thereupon Messenger of Allah (Peace be upon him) said, "Listen to them and obey them. They are responsible for their obligations and you are accountable for yours."
[Muslim].
Wâil Ibn Houjr (das) rapporte: «Salma Ibn Yazid Al Jou"fÏ demanda au Messager de Dieu (bsdl): «O Prophète de Dieu! Si nous sommes gouvernés par des princes qui nous demandent ce qui leur est dû et ne nous donnent pas ce qui nous est dû, que nous ordonnes-tu de faire avec eux?» Il se détourna de lui, mais Salma lui posa de nouveau la même question. Le Messager de Dieu (bsdl) lui dit: «Ecoutez et obéissez! Ils auront, eux, à répondre de leurs charges et, vous, des vôtres». (Rapporté par Moslem)
670 وَعَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بنِ مسْعُودٍ رضي اللَّهُ عنه قَالَ: قالَ رسُولُ اللَّه صَلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم: "إنَّهَا ستَكُونُ بعْدِي أَثَرَةٌ، وأُمُورٌ تُنْكِرُونَهَا،"قَالُوا: يَا رسُولَ اللَّهِ، كَيفَ تَأْمُرُ مَنْ أَدْركَ مِنَّا ذلكَ؟ قَالَ:"تُؤَدُّونَ الحَقَّ الَّذِي عَلَيْكُمْ، وتَسْأَلُونَ اللَّه الذي لَكُمْ" متفقٌ عليه.
Hadith 670 - Bab 80 (Obligation of Obedience to the Ruler in what is Lawful and Prohibition of Obeying them in what is Unlawful)
Chapter 1 (The Book of Miscellany)
'Abdullah bin Mas'ud (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: Messenger of Allah (Peace be upon him) said, "There will be discrimination after my death and there will be other matters that you will disapprove." He was asked: "O Messenger of Allah! What do you command us to do when we are encountered with such happenings?" He answered, "Give what is due from you and supplicate to Allah for your rights."
[Al- Bukhari and Muslim].
Selon "Abdullàh Ibn Mas"ùd (das), le Messager de Dieu (bsdl) a dit: «II y aura après moi des préférences et des choses que vous réprouverez». Ils dirent: «O Messager de Dieu! Qu"ordonnes-tu de faire à ceux d"entre nous qui connaîtront cela?» Il dit: «Remplissez vos propres obligations et demandez à Dieu ce qui vous est dû» (ura)
671 وعن أبي هريرة رضي اللَّهُ عنه قَالَ: قَالَ رسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وسَلَّم: "مَنْ أَطَاعَني فَقَدْ أَطَاعَ اللَّه، وَمَنْ عَصَاني فَقَدْ عَصَى اللَّه، وَمَنْ يُطِعِ الأمِيرَ فَقَدْ أطَاعَني، ومَنْ يعْصِ الأمِيرَ فَقَدْ عَصَانِي" متفقٌ عَلَيْهِ.
Hadith 671 - Bab 80 (Obligation of Obedience to the Ruler in what is Lawful and Prohibition of Obeying them in what is Unlawful)
Chapter 1 (The Book of Miscellany)
Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: Messenger of Allah (Peace be upon him) said, "Whosoever obeys me, obeys Allah; and he who disobeys me, disobeys Allah; and whosoever obeys the Amir (leader), in fact, obeys me; and he who disobeys the Amir, in fact, disobeys me."
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].
Selon Abou Hourayra (das), le Messager de Dieu (bsdl) a dit: «Celui qui m"aura obéi aura obéi à Dieu et celui qui m"aura désobéi aura désobéi à Dieu. Celui qui aura obéi au prince m"aura obéi et celui qui aura désobéi au prince m"aura désobéi».